Chicago requires blind students to take driver’s education
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Monday, March 13, 2006
Mayra Ramirez, a 16 year old Chicago, USA student is blind. In order to graduate, she and dozens of other visually impaired students in Chicago schools are required to pass a written rules-of-the-road exam. “In other classes, you don’t really feel different because you can do the work other people do,” Ramirez said. “But in driver’s ed, it does give us the feeling we’re different. In a way, it brought me down, because it reminds me of something I can’t do.”
Michael Vaughn, a spokesman for Chicago schools said, “I can’t explain why up to this point no one has raised the issue and suggested a better way for visually impaired students to opt out of driver’s ed.”
Blind students are typically told that they must take the class to graduate; although, by law, any parent can request a change in a disabled student’s education plan. This law is rarely, if ever, disclosed to the students, according to the Chicago Tribune.
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- Family Law Newcastle
byAlma Abell
To file for a divorce, you have to state the reason for breaking up the marriage. This could be fault or no-fault. A lawyer who focuses on Divorce Family Law in Bethlehem PA will help you determine if you need a fault or no-fault divorce.
[youtube]http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xt2ZtqlfumY[/youtube]
In a fault divorce, one spouse blames the other one for activity that caused the divorce. The Divorce Family Law Bethlehem PA states the following are possible fault grounds for divorce: adultery, abandonment that lasted for a year or more without cause, bigamy, cruelty, conviction of a crime that led to a prison sentence of at least two years, or humiliating an innocent spouse so much the marriage becomes intolerable. The fault of the divorce does not influence decisions about the division of property, but it may decide the alimony award.
In a no-fault divorce, the couple places no blame on either party and states the days has passed since the divorce was filed, and both spouses file a written declaration that they consent to the divorce. If one spouse wants the divorce and the other does not, the divorce can still be granted. The divorce-seeking spouse has to file for divorce saying the marriage cannot be fixed, declare in writing the couple has lived apart for two years or more and the marriage is broken, and the responding spouse does not deny the allegations.
This information is not meant to be substituted for legal advice of a lawyer, but instead to educate people of their options. In a no-fault mutual divorce, you may decide not to hire a lawyer. However, in all other circumstances, you more than likely will want the assistance of a lawyer. Even in a no-fault mutual divorce, hiring a lawyer is helpful because the lawyer will deal with all communications between you and your spouse and help you know what to expect during the process.
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First deep space images from James Webb Space Telescope released
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Friday, July 15, 2022
On Monday, NASA Administrator Bill Nelson and US President Joe Biden presented the first image (see left) obtained by the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam), an instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope.
The image, named Webb’s First Deep Field, shows thousands of galaxies in the SMACS 0723 galaxy cluster, about 4.6 billion light-years away from Earth. However, the area shown by the image is only a small portion of the Southern Hemisphere sky. The blended image (at left) resulted from the stitching together of numerous smaller images obtained at multiple wavelengths with far greater depth than achieved by the Hubble Space Telescope, the predecessor to James Webb.
The telescope entered its current orbit around the L2 Lagrange point from January 24, about 1,500,000 kilometers (932,057 mi) from Earth, on the opposite side of Earth from the Sun. This followed a month-long journey that began in late December 2021, following years of delays and several cost overruns. For its expected five- to ten-year service life, it is intended to study the most distant, and therefore the earliest galaxies formed after the Big Bang.
During its journey, dubbed “30 days of terror” by Sky & Telescope, the telescope successfully unfurled its 21 feet (6 m) wide mirror, deployed its sunshield and cooled down to below 50 degrees Kelvin as it traveled to the L2 Lagrange point.
L2 is a secure location for spacecraft where the gravitational pull of the Sun and the Earth is balanced. Full scientific operations will involve thirteen teams of scientists. The primary mission is to find the most distant and earliest galaxies formed after the Big Bang to help study the origins of the Universe. The nominal mission time is five years, with a goal of ten. The location of its orbit is very different to the Hubble Space Telescope, which orbits much closer to Earth. James Webb’s instruments face away from the Sun, giving a greater clarity to the images it will obtain compared to Hubble.
An Ariane 5 launch vehicle carried the telescope to space on December 25 from the Guiana Space Centre in French Guiana, after arriving at the launch site in October. The launch date was delayed by a week due to unfavorable weather.
The United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) began project development in 1996, planning for a launch in 2007 at a cost of USD550 million. After NASA contracted Northrop Grumman to build the telescope, mission managers estimated a 2010 launch would cost between one and 3.5 billion USD. Redesigns to reduce technical requirements pushed launch plans to 2013 for an estimated cost of USD4.5 billion. The US Congress ordered a project review in 2010 which delayed the launch again to 2015.
Due to an estimated cost of USD6.5 billion, the United States House Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies proposed canceling the telescope altogether in 2011. After a plan was made for a 2018 launch at a cost of USD8.8 billion, technical errors found in the telescope and the subsequent COVID-19 pandemic pushed the launch date to 2021.
